SJG-2083CS Mitirka Aashitada Alkaline ee khadka tooska ah

Biyaha saafiga ah, qayb yar oo ka mid ah molecules-yadu waxay lumiyaan hal hydrogen ka mid ah qaabka H2O, habka loo yaqaan 'dissociation'.Haddaba biyuhu waxay ka kooban yihiin tiro yar oo ah ion hydrogen, H+, iyo ion hydroxyl hadhaaga ah, OH-.

Waxa jira dheellitiran u dhexeeya samaynta joogtada ah iyo kala-baxa boqolkiiba yar ee unugyaraha biyaha.

ions Hydrogen (OH-) ee biyaha ku jira waxay ku biiraan molecules biyaha kale si ay u sameeyaan ion hydronium, H3O+ ions, kuwaas oo inta badan si fudud loogu yeero ions hydrogen.Maadaama ion hydroxyl iyo hydronium ay ku jiraan dheellitirka, xalku maaha acidic ama alkaline.

Asiidhku waa walax ku deeqaysa ions hydrogen si ay xal u noqoto, halka saldhiga ama alkali uu yahay mid qaadata hydrogen ions.

Dhammaan walxaha ay ku jiraan hydrogen ma aha aashito sababtoo ah hydrogen waa inay ku jiraan xaalad si fudud loo sii daayo, si ka duwan inta badan xeryahooda organic kuwaas oo si adag ugu xidha hydrogen iyo atamka kaarboonka.pH-ku wuxuu markaa ka caawiyaa in la qiyaaso xoogga aashitada iyada oo tuseysa inta ay le'eg tahay ion hydrogen ay ku sii deyso xal.

Hydrochloric acid waa asiidh adag sababtoo ah isku xidhka ionic ee u dhexeeya hydrogen iyo ions koloride waa mid ka mid ah polar kaas oo si fudud ugu milmay biyaha, soona saaraya ions hydrogen oo badan oo ka dhigaya xalka si adag.Tani waa sababta ay u leedahay pH aad u hooseeya.Kala qaybsanaanta noocan oo kale ah ee biyaha dhexdeeda ayaa sidoo kale aad u wanaagsan marka la eego faa'iidada tamarta, taas oo ah sababta ay u dhacdo si fudud.

Asiidhyada daciifka ahi waa iskudhisyo ku deeqa hydrogen laakiin aan aad u diyaarsanayn, sida qaar ka mid ah acids organic.Acetic acid, oo laga helo khalka, tusaale ahaan, waxa ku jira hydrogen badan laakiin ku jira koox-kooxeed acid-carboxylic, kaas oo ku haya curaarta covalent ama nonpolar bonds.

Natiijo ahaan, mid ka mid ah hydrogens-yada ayaa awood u leh inuu ka tago molecule, xitaa sidaas, ma jirto xasillooni badan oo lagu helo ku-deeqidda.

Saldhig ama alkali waxa ay aqbalaan ions hydrogen, marka lagu daro biyaha, waxa ay qooyaan ions hydrogen-ka ee ay sameeyeen kala-baxa biyaha si dheellitirku uu u beddelo xoojinta ion hydroxyl, taas oo ka dhigaysa xalka alkaline ama aasaasiga ah.

Tusaalaha saldhigga guud waa sodium hydroxide, ama lye, oo loo isticmaalo samaynta saabuunta.Marka aashitada iyo alkali ay ku sugan yihiin isku-ururinta molar-ga isla siman, hydrogen iyo ion hydroxyl waxay si sahal ah ula falgalaan midba midka kale, iyagoo soo saaraya milix iyo biyo, falcelin loo yaqaan dhexdhexaadin.