| Hawlaha | EC | Iska caabin | Milixda milixda leh | TDS |
| Cabbiraadda baaxadda | 0.00uS-2000mS | 0.00-20.00 MΩ-CM | 0.00-78.00 g/Kg | 0-133000 ppm |
| Xallinta | 0.01/0.1/1 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1 |
| Saxnaanta | ±1%FS | ±1%FS | ±1%FS | ±1%FS |
| Magdhawga heerkulka | Pt 1000/NTC30K | |||
| Heerka heerkulka | -10.0 ilaa +130.0℃ | |||
| Kala duwanaanshaha magdhawga heerkulka | -10.0 ilaa +130.0℃ | |||
| Xallinta heerkulka | 0.1℃ | |||
| Saxnaanta heerkulka | ±0.2℃ | |||
| Joogtada unugyada | 0.001 ilaa 20.000 | |||
| Heerkulka deegaanka kala duwan | 0 ilaa +70℃ | |||
| Heerkulka kaydinta. | -20 ilaa +70℃ | |||
| Muuji | Iftiinka dambe, matrix-ka dhibcaha | |||
| Wax soo saarka hadda jira ee EC1 | Go'doonsan, wax soo saar 4 ilaa 20mA ah, culayska ugu badan 500Ω | |||
| Wax soo saarka hadda ee heerkulka 2 | Go'doonsan, wax soo saar 4 ilaa 20mA ah, culayska ugu badan 500Ω | |||
| Saxnaanta wax soo saarka hadda jira | ±0.05 mA | |||
| RS485 | Hab-maamuuska RTU ee baska Mod | |||
| Heerka Baud | 9600/19200/38400 | |||
| Awoodda ugu badan ee xiriirka gudbinta | 5A/250VAC,5A/30VDC | |||
| Dejinta nadiifinta | SHID: 1 ilaa 1000 ilbiriqsi, DAMSAN: 0.1 ilaa 1000.0 saacadood | |||
| Hal Relay oo shaqo badan leh | digniinta nadiifinta/muddada/qaladka digniinta | |||
| Dib u dhaca gudbinta | 0-120 ilbiriqsi | |||
| Awoodda diiwaangelinta xogta | 500,000 | |||
| Xulashada luqadda | Ingiriis/Shiine dhaqameed/Shiine fudud | |||
| Darajada biyuhu aanay biyuhu celin | IP65 | |||
| Koronto la'aan | Laga bilaabo 90 ilaa 260 VAC, isticmaalka korontada < 5 watts | |||
| Rakibaadda | rakibidda guddi/derbi/tuubo | |||
| Miisaanka | 0.85Kg | |||
| Hawlaha | EC | Iska caabin | Milixda milixda leh | TDS |
| Cabbiraadda baaxadda | 0.00uS-2000mS | 0.00-20.00 MΩ-CM | 0.00-78.00 g/Kg | 0-133000 ppm |
| Xallinta | 0.01/0.1/1 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1 |
| Saxnaanta | ±1%FS | ±1%FS | ±1%FS | ±1%FS |
| Magdhawga heerkulka | Pt 1000/NTC30K | |||
| Kala duwanaanshaha magdhawga heerkulka | -10.0 ilaa +130.0℃ | |||
| Xallinta iyo saxnaanta heerkulka | 0.1℃, ±0.2℃ | |||
| Heerkulka kaydinta. | -20 ilaa +70℃ | |||
| Muuji | Iftiinka dambe, matrix-ka dhibcaha | |||
| Wax soo saarka hadda jira ee EC1 | Go'doonsan, wax soo saar 4 ilaa 20mA ah, culayska ugu badan 500Ω | |||
| Wax soo saarka hadda ee heerkulka 2 | Go'doonsan, wax soo saar 4 ilaa 20mA ah, culayska ugu badan 500Ω | |||
| RS485 | Hab-maamuuska RTU ee baska Mod | |||
| Heerka Baud | 9600/19200/38400 | |||
| Awoodda ugu badan ee xiriirka gudbinta | 5A/250VAC,5A/30VDC | |||
| Dejinta nadiifinta | SHID: 1 ilaa 1000 ilbiriqsi, DAMSAN: 0.1 ilaa 1000.0 saacadood | |||
| Hal Relay oo shaqo badan leh | digniinta nadiifinta/muddada/qaladka digniinta | |||
| Dib u dhaca gudbinta | 0-120 ilbiriqsi | |||
| Awoodda diiwaangelinta xogta | 500,000 | |||
Gudbintu waa cabbir lagu cabbiro awoodda biyuhu u leeyihiin inay gudbiyaan socodka korontada. Awooddani waxay si toos ah ula xiriirtaa isku-ururinta ayoonnada biyaha.
1. Aayoonkan gudbiya waxay ka yimaadaan cusbooyinka milmay iyo walxaha aan dabiiciga ahayn sida alkalis, chlorides, sulfide iyo iskudhisyada kaarboonat.
2. Isku-dhafka ku milma ion-yada waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan electrolytes 40. Inta ay ion-yadu badan yihiin, ayaa sii kordheysa socodka biyaha. Sidoo kale, ion-yada yar ee ku jira biyaha, ayaa sii yaraanaya socodka biyaha. Biyaha la miiray ama la miiray waxay u dhaqmi karaan sidii dahaadh-celiye sababtoo ah qiimaha gudbinta oo aad u hooseeya (haddii aan la dayacin) 2. Biyaha badda, dhanka kale, waxay leeyihiin gudbin aad u sarreysa.
Ion-yadu waxay koronto ku sameeyaan sababtoo ah kharashkooda togan iyo kuwa taban awgeed
Marka elektrolaytyadu ku milmaan biyaha, waxay u kala baxaan walxo togan oo lagu dallacay (cation) iyo kuwo taban oo lagu dallacay (anion). Maadaama walxaha milmay ay u kala qaybsamaan biyaha, isku-darka dallacaad togan iyo mid tabanba way siman yihiin. Taas macnaheedu waa in inkastoo socodka biyuhu uu kordho iyadoo la kordhinayo ion-yada, haddana uu yahay mid dhexdhexaad ah oo koronto ahaan.

















